Signments



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C. H. DOUGLAS. HNDLHSS CHAIN MORTISING MACHINE. No. 374,946. Patented Deo. 20, 1887.

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C. H. DOUGLAS.`

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ENDLESS CHAIN MORTISING MACHINE. No. 374,946. Patented Deo. .20, 1887.

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ENoLEss-CHAIN MoRTlsiNe-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 374,946, dated December 20, 1887.

Application filed August 24, 1885. Serial No.175,253. (No model.) Y

.To all whom t may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLEs H. DoUeLAs,

a citizen of the .United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in EndlessChain Mortising-Machines, which is fully set forth in the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,`which form a portion of the ro same, in which- Y Figure 1 is a front elevation of a machine embodying my invention; Fig. 2, a sectional View of the same, taken on the line x .fr of Fig.

l; Fig. 3, an enlarged front elevation of the upper portion of the machine; Fig. 4, a sectional vieur of the same, taken on the line y y of Fig. 3, Fig. 5, adetail sectional view taken on the line z e of Fig. 4; Fig. 6, an enlarged sectional view taken on the line u u of Fig. 2, zo Fig. 7, a detail plan section taken on the linee o of Fig. 6; Fig. 8, an enlarged side elevation of the mechanism which operates the belt-shifter;

Fig. 9, a plan section of the same, taken on the line w w of Fig. S; and Figs. 10, 11, and 12 are detail views, to be explained hereinafter.

Like letters refer to like parts in all the iigures of the drawings.

My invention relates to mortising-machines, and more particularly to that class of ma- 3o chines known as endless-chain mortisingmachines, it being in the nature of an improvement upon the machine set forth iu Letters Patent N o. 194,869, granted to vWilliam XV. Green, Jr., September 4, 187 7.

I will now proceed to describe a machine in which my invention is practically carried out in one form, and will then particularly point out in the claims those features which I'deem to be new and desire to protect by Letters 4o Patent.

In an application filed by me of even date herewith, Serial No. 175,252, I have shown and described a machine identical in its main features with the machine hereinafter set forth,

and referencev is made to said application for a description of said features, only such parts of the machine being described as are necessary for its comprehension.

A indicates the main frame of the machine,

5o and B the sliding frame, which carries the.

endless-chain cutter, and is mounted to move in suitable ways in the main frame A. The mechanism for driving the cutter is identical with that shown in my other application, hereinbefore referred to, and therefore needs no description here. rlhe endless-chain cutter is su pported by means of a tension-bar, C, mounted on the outer face of the sliding frame B, being provided with projections c on its rear face, which enter a guiding-groove, b', in the face of the frame B, as shown more particularlyin Figs. 4, 11, and 12 of the drawings.

C indicates a clamping screw passing through a vertical slot in the tension-bar and screwing into the sliding frame, by means of which clamping-screw the tension-bar may be securelylocked at any point of its adjustment.

Immediately above the upper end o f the tension-bar C is arranged a cam, D, swiveled in the frame B, and capable of being turned so as to bear upon the upper end of the'bar. When the tension-bar has been adjusted to its position, this cam is turned so as to bear upon the head of the bar, thereby providing an additional means for holding the bar securely in place, since, even if the clamping-screw C' should yield upon the cutters meeting any obstacle, such as a knot in the material operated upon, the cam D will prevent any yielding of the tension-bar. Vhen it is desired to raise the bar, in order to remove or apply the endless chain cutter E, the cam may be turned so as to present its flat side to the bar, thus allowing a sufficient space for this pur pose.

The endless chain cutter E is supported by the tension-bar, sprocket-wheel c, andsupporting-roller e', substantially in the manner set forth in my other application hereinbefore referred to. Deflecting-rollers F are also provided on each side of the tension-bar to deflect the cutter inward toward the same while in operation. rlhese dellecting-rollers are mounted upon a second sliding frame, G, which may be yoke-shaped in its general form, as shown, loe- 95 Aing provided with slots g, through which pass guiding-bolts g', screwing into themain frame A. These guiding-bolts and slots serve, in conjunction with a guide-rod, G', passing through a suitable guiding aperture, a, in the main IOO a rod, H, directly connected and fixed at its upper end to the frame B, and extending downward, as shown in Fig. 2, nearly to the bottom of the machine. At its lower end this rod is provided with a treadle, H', which extends through a slot, a', in the casing A, the treadle being somewhat enlarged on the inner side of the casi ng, to bear against the same and prevent any outward motion of the lower end of the rod and treadle, Any niotion in the opposite direction is prevented by means of a grooved roller, 7L, mounted in arms 7L', projecting from the casing and bearing against the rear of the rod H. It will be seen that by depressing the treadle H the sliding frame D and the cutter E will be depressed and carried down to any desired extent. Thesliding frame and cutter are returned to their normal position, when the pressure is removed from the treadle, by a lifting device similarl to that shown in my other application hereinbefore specied. The lifting-springs I are each connected by means of a strap or band, c', to a scroll-wheel, I. mounted upon a short axis or stud, fi', projecting from the main frame A. The upper end of each band or strap t' is attached to the largest partof the scroll, as shown in Fig. 6. A wheel or pulley, l2, is formed in one piece with or attached to the side of each scroll-wheel I', and a strap or band, i2, attached to the wheel I2 and to the sliding frame B, causes the springs I to act upon the sliding frame with a lifting tendency. rIhe ends of the straps i? are connected to the sliding frame B by means of a clamping-screw, Ig, screwing into a threaded recess in the head of the bolt G2, a washer being interposed between the head and clamping-screw, if desired. It will be observed that as the sliding frame B descends while in operation the springs I will uucol and their tension will be increased in proportion to the descent of the sliding frame. This increase in the tension of the springs is counteracted, however, by the scroll-wheels, since, when the springs are at their greatest tension, their force is exerted upon the smallest part of the scroll-wheel. When they are at their least tension, it is exerted on the largest part, thus equalizing the power exerted by the springs upon the sliding frame.

rIhe belt-shifter J, which shifts the drivingbelt from the loose to the fast pulley of the driving-shaft to cause the cutter to operate, and from the fixed to the loose one to stop the same, is operated by the rod H by means of the following mechanism:

J indicates a lever pivoted on a suitable support, and having one end connected to the belt-shifter and the other, by means of a connecting-rod, j, to the arm 7c of a bell-crank lever, K. The other arm, k', of the bell-crank lever is provided with two branches having a slot between them, as clearly shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings. The branches which form the walls of this slot are of unequal length, the lower one being shorter than the upper one.

K indicates a pin or projection attached to the rod H and-adapted to engage with the slot in the arm lc' of the bell-crank leverK. Vhen the machine is stationary with the cutter and sliding frame in their normal or lifted position, these parts are in the position shown in full lines in Fig. S of the drawings. When the downward pressure is applied to the treadle, the rod H moves downward and the pin K causes the bell-crank lever to move upon its pivot until it assumes the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 8, when the pin will pass clear ofthe shorter branch of the arm 7c', leaving the parts in thev position shown in dotted lines, with the driving belt upon the fast pulley. While in this position the cutter will be rotated. When pressure is removed from the treadle, the rod H rises, carrying with it the pin K, which latter passes clear ofthe lower branch of the arm 7c and strikes against the upper branch, entering the slot in said arm and carrying the parts back to the position shown in full lines in Fig. 8 of the drawings, with the driving-belt upon the loose pulley, thus rendering the cutter stationary. 'When' the parts are in the position shown in dotted lines, it will be observed that the pivot connecting the rod j tothe arm k of the bell-crank lever K is slightly below the lines connecting the pivots of the said lever and ofthe rodj and lever J. The bellerank lever K is provided with a stop-arm, k2, which, when the parts are in this position, bears against the casing and prevents any further movements of the arm k and connectiug-rodj in a downward direction. By reason of this construction the parts are locked, so that any-force applied to the driving-belt to move it toward the loose pulley will only tend to hold the belt-shifter and remaining parts more firmly in place, and the belt can only be shifted by means of power applied to the bell-crank lever K through the pin K on the rod H. Moreover, as soon as the pressure is removed from the treadle, the rod H is bound to rise by reason of the action of the springs I, and will shift the belt over to the loose pulley,thus rendering it impossible for the attendant to leave the machine running.

The material to be operated upon is supported upon a bed, L, mounted on a bracket, L, extending outward from the main frame A. The bed L has a downward extension, Z, which passes through a slot, Z, in the bracket, the projecting portion being screw-threaded to rcceive a clamping-nut, L2.

L3 represents an adjusting-screw swiveled ron IZO

' in the bracket and passing through a screwthreaded aperture in the extension Z. By means of this screw the bed may be adjusted to and from the path of the cutter, and after the adjustment the bed may be clamped irmly in position by means of the clamping-nut L.

The material is held upon the bed L by means of a clamping device consisting of a tixedjaw, M, and movablejaw M', which latter is swiveled upon the end of the adjustingscrew m. This adj ustingscrew passes th rough an internally-threaded sleeve, m', mounted to movelongitndinally in a bearing-block, mi, on the bed.

N represents a lever pivoted at n upon the bed Land having one of its arms, n, connected to the sleevem', while the other arm, a2, extends into the interior of the frame and is connected to a spring, N', which tends to depress the said arm, and thus throw the sleeve m'and the movable jaw M' toward the fixed jaw. The arm n2 ofthe lever N extends past the rod H, in the manner shown in detail Vin Fig. of the drawings, and is arranged in the path of a pin or projection, N2, attached to the rod. This projection Nt is so arranged that when the machine is stationary and the parts are in their normal position it will bear against the lever N and force the same upward and outward, thus holding the movablejaw M' away from the xed jaw M. As soon as the treadle is depressed, however, the spring N' throws the lever N downward and inward, thus moving the movable jaw toward the fixed jaw and clamping the work between the two automati1 cally. By means of the adjusting-screw m the movable jaw M' can be adjusted to suit material of different thicknesses, and when once adjusted the jaw will be moved up to clamp the work automatically as soon as the treadle is depressed to operate the machine.

The operation of my machine will be readily understood from the preceding description. The material to be operated upon having been placed in proper position upon the bed L, the

treadle is depressed, thereby causing the cutter to descend toward the material, while at the same time the belt is shifted to drive the cutter, and the movablejaw is moved up to clamp the work. As soon as the sliding frame B moves downward, the frameG moves down along with it until the lower extremity of the said frame rests upon the material to be operated upon. -The frame G remains in this position while the cutter passes through the material and returns, and upon its return the elastic washer g" on the bolt G2 will strike against the frame G and carry it up along with the frame B to its original position. The bolts g' serve by their contact with the lower ends of the slots g to limit the upward motion of both frames. All the operations of the machine are caused to be performed by simply depressing the treadle H', and very little or no skill is required upon the part of the attendant.

It is obvious that various mechanical modichine identical in its main features with the machine hercinbefore set forth, and have in that application claimed, broadly, the generic features which the two constructions have -in common.

These claims are as follows, it being understood that the referenceletters employed in the quoted claims belong to the series used in said other application:

l. In a mortising-machine, the work-holding table, in combination with the sliding frame mounted to move to and from the said table, a sproeket-wheel and supporting-wheel mounted on said frame, an endless-chain cutter passing over said wheels, a drivingpulley on the sprocket-wheel shaft, guide-pulleys mounted on said frame above and below the driving-pulley, and a suitably-actuated drivingfbelt passing over said guide-pulleys and around the driving-pulley, substantially as and for thepurpose specified. l

2. In a mortising-machine, the combination, with the upper and lower pulleys and the belt c, ofthe sliding frame D, the sprocketshaft d, mounted in said frame and provided with sprocket-wheel D', the supporting-wheels G, the endless-chain cutter passing around the said wheels, the pulley E on the sprocket-shaft, and the idle-pulleys E', mounted in the sliding frame above and below the pulley E, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. In a mortisingmaehine, the work-hold ing table, in combination with the sliding frame mounted to move to and from said table, an adjustable tension -bar mounted on said IOO frame and carrying a supporting-wheel, a

sprocket-wheel mounted Von a shaft in said frame, an endless-chain cutter passing over said wheels, a driving-pulley mounted on the sprocket-wheel shaft, guide-pulleys mounted on said frame above and below the driving pulley, and a suitably-actuated driving-belt passing over said guide-pulleys and around the driving-pulleys, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

6. In an endless-chain mortisingmachinc, the combination, with the endless-chain cutter and its driving and supportingwheels, of the tension-rollers having smooth peripheries and arranged one on each side of t-he chain in the plane of motion thereof and bearing against the sides of the cutter above the lower wheel, to detlect said portions inward and hold them clear of the walls ofthe mortise, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

7. In an endless-chain mortising-machine, the combination, with the endless-chain cutter and its driving and supporting wheels, said cutter being provided with cutting-teeth on its outer periphery, of the tension-rollers provided with a peripheral covering of soft rubber or the like, and arranged to bear against the toothed sides of the cutter to deflect the same inward, substantially as and for the purposes specilied.

8. The combination, with the endless-chain cutter and its supporting and operating mech# anism, of adjustable tension-rollers arranged to bear against the said cutter between its end supports, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

9. The combination, with the sprocketwhcel and tension-barF and supporting-roller G, of greater diameter than said tension-bar, of the endless chain cutter supported on said sprocketwheel and supportingroller and the tension-rollers H, adjustable to deflect the said cutter inward toward the tension-bar above the supporting-roller, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

13. In an endlesschain mortsing` machine, the combination, with the sliding frame, the endless chain cutter provided with a driving-pulley and idle-pulleys and the drivinglbelt, of springs arranged to lift said sliding frame and cutter when released afterde pression, substantially as and for the purposes specified. I

31. In a mortising-machine, the combination, with the sliding frame carrying the end lesschain cutter and its driving and guide pulleys, of the lower pulley, B, belt c, and upper pulley, O, mounted'in the verticallyadjnstable yoke C', substantially as and for the purposesspcciied.

32. In a mortising-machinc, the combination, with the sliding frame and the endlesschain cutter and its driving and guide pulleys mounted thereon, of the lower pulley, B', the belt c, the upper pulley, C, and the yoke C', supporting the upper' pulley and provided with the screw-threaded extension c', passing through the crown of the casing, and having the external nut, C, mounted thereon, substantially as and for the purposes specitied.77

I therefore do not wish to be understood as claiming -in the present application lthe rsubject-matters set fort-h in the said claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Let-ters Patent, is-

l. The combination, with the sliding frame and the endless-chain cutter mounted thereon, of the rod directly connected to the said frame to move therewith, and having directly attached to its lower end a treadle for depressing said sliding frame and cutter, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. The combination, with the sliding frame and the endless-chain cutter mounted on said frame, of springs arranged to lift said frame and cutter and a rod directly connected to the said frame to move therewith, extending downward therefrom, and having directly attached to it a treadle to depress the frame and cutter, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. The combination, with the frame B and the tension-bar C,adj ustably mounted thereon, of the cam D, swiveled in the -frame and adapted to bear upon the tensionbar, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. The combination, with the sliding frame and endless-chain cutter mounted thereon, of a second sliding frame carrying the cutterdeflecting rollers and arranged in lthe path of the lirst sliding frame to be moved in unison therewith, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

5. The combination, with the sliding frame B, carrying the endless-chain cutter and provided with the projection G2, of the sliding frame G, arranged to engage the said projection and be lifted thereby, and provided with the cuttcr-deiiecting rollers F, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

6. The combination, with the yokelfraine G, ofthe sliding frame B, provided with a projection, G2, having elastic washer g2, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

7. The combination, with the sliding frame and the endless-chain cutter mounted thereon, of the rod H, attached to the frame, treadle H', secured to the rod and sliding in a slot in the main frame, and the roller l1, bearing against the rod, substantially as and for the purposes speciied.

S. In a mortising-machine, the combination, with the sliding frame and the endless-chain cutter mounted thereon, the operating'rod attached to the sliding frame and provided with a pin or projection, and the belt-shifter which controls the operation ofthe cutter, ofa lever arranged in the path ofthe pin or projection on the operating-rod to be engaged by the same and actuated thereby, said lever being connected to the belt-shifter to operate the same, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

9. The combination, with the belt-shifter J and sliding rod H, provided with pin K, of the bell-crank lever K, having one arm, k, suitably connected to the beltshifter and the other arm, lt, provided with a short and a long branch and arranged in the path of the pin K, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

10. The combination, with the belt-shifter J, lever J, and connecting-rodi, of the bell-crank lever K, having one arm pivoted'to the rodj, the sliding rod provided with a pin to engage with the other arm of the bell-crank lever, and the stop-arm k2, formed on the bell-crank lever and arranged to engage with a fixed portion of the framing or support to lock the parts when the lever K is depressed, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

1l. The combination, with the iixed and movable jaws 0f the work-holder, of a lever connected to the movable jaw and provided with a spring to throw the movable jaw toward the Xed jaw and the sliding rod pro- IOO IIO

vided with a projection to engage ,the said lever and carry the movable jaw away from the xed jaw, substantial] y as and for the purposes specified.

12. The combination, with the movable jaw M, screw m, swiveled in the same, and intering downward extension Z, of the bracket L',

having slot Z', an adjustingserew, L3, swiveled in the bracket and passing through a screwthreaded aperture in the extension Z, and a clan1ping-nut, L2, mounted upon the screwthreaded portion of the extension Z, substan- 20 tially as and for the purposes specied.

14. The combination, with the lifting-cords i2 and the springs for operating the same, of the sliding frame provided with bolt G2, having aninternally-threaded hcad,and the clampingscrew I3, adapted to clamp the lifting-cord against the head of the bolt G2, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

15. The combination, with the sliding frame and the endlesschain cutter mounted thereon, of the work-holding clamp and the lever N for actuating the same, the belt-shifter J and the lever K, suitably connected thereto,and the rod H, provided with a treadle for operating the same and having pins or projections arranged to actuate the levers N and K, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

CHARLES H. DOUGLAS.

Witnesses:

LEONARD WATSON, IRVINE MILLER. 

